Low Dose Radiation Therapy (LDRT) has been used to treat non-malignant inflammatory or proliferative conditions. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic stimulated a global debate over the utility of peer-reviewed literature from the pre-World War II era for use of LDRT in COVID-19 pneumonia. In this seminar, we will discuss the evolution of renewed interest in LDRT and some of the controversies and collaborations emerging as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to evolve. Clinical trial development and implementation will be presented along with some questions to discuss about the best ways to study and evaluate the utility of LDRT.